CONFIDENCE IN U.S. MEAT SUPPLY

On Tuesday, December 23, 2003, Agriculture Secretary Ann M. Veneman announced that the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) has diagnosed a presumptive positive case of bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) in an adult Holstein cow in the state of Washington. Tissue samples sent to the BSE world reference lab in Weybridge, England confirmed USDA's preliminary diagnosis of BSE.


Widely referred to as 'mad cow disease" BSE attacks the central nervous system of cattle. The disease was first diagnosed in Great Britain in 1986, and until the present case, no cases have been found in the U.S. To prevent the entry of BSE into the U.S., importation of live animals and animal products from countries with known cases of the BSE has been prohibited since 1989. In Great Britain, the disease is thought to have been spread by feeding cattle rendered protein products from sheep infected with scrapie, a similar disease. In response, the Food and Drug Administration banned the feeding of all ruminant byproducts to ruminants in 1997.


The organism that causes BSE is found only in the spinal cord, brain and retina. These tissues are removed at harvest and do not enter the food chain; and in fact, all by-products from the animal in question have been found and contained. There has been no evidence of the infective organism being detected in milk or muscle tissue. The World Health Organization, the United Nations' Food and Agriculture Organization, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration and other major health organizations have repeatedly confirmed that milk and milk products do not contain or transmit BSE. Dairy products are among the most tested and regulated foods in the world and American dairy products are among the safest in the world.
All cattle are inspected by USDA personnel before being harvested. Any cattle that show signs of neurological disorders are tested for BSE. BSE is rarely found in animals less than 30 months of age. The majority of the beef consumed in the U.S. is from cattle that are younger than 24 months.


The herd from which the affected cow came from is under State quarantine in Washington. USDA's BSE Response Plan is currently in place. Under this plan, USDA is very aggressively and quickly tracing and testing all progeny of the affected cow, her history and origins, and a complete trace on all feed supplies.

The entire USDA BSE Response Plan along with more details on the disease can be found at: http://www.aphis.usda.gov/lpa/issues/bse/bse.html.


For more information on BSE the following web resources may be useful:


www.cce.cornell.edu/oneida/cce/productionagmp.htm
Cornell Cooperative Extension of Oneida County's web site with fact sheets and links to BSE resources and information.

www.aphis.usda.gov/lpa/issues/bse/bse.html
The Animal Plant Health Inspection Service's web site with the latest updates, developments, and decisions regarding the U.S.'s response to this BSE case.

www.usda.gov
United States Department of Agriculture

www.fda.gov
United States Food and Drug Administration


If you have food and safety questions, please call the toll-free USDA Meat and Poultry Hotline at 1-888-PMHotline from 10:00 AM to 4:00 PM Monday through Friday.

Heather Sweeney
Dairy/Livestock Specialist
Cornell Cooperative Extension
121 Second Street
Oriskany, NY 13424
Phone: (315)736-3394 ext. 102
Email: hes7@cornell.edu